All right. You got your driver's license with you? Yeah. >> I would get the Red Bull. >> I got you. Can you hand me your driver's license? >> Yeah. Um, yes. I'm not >> You're fine. >> Well, that's not cool. Well, I was stopped like 2 days ago. >> Yeah. >> Coming from work. >> Okay. All right. >> Like I'm like a few miles down. >> Where are you? Where is that? >> The address I'm going. >> What's over there? Is that just where you live or >> Yeah. It's the address I'm going. >> But is that where you live or not? >> Yeah. >> Okay. >> Oh, yeah. >> Who's the car belong to? Does it say something out of Sutter County? >> Yeah. That's her Williams. I gave you >> Is that like your child's father or something or >> Yeah. >> Okay. All right. Just sit tight just for a second. I'll be back up here with you, okay? You're okay. Just sit tight, okay? on a 30, 2022, in Florida, a citizen complaint about erratic driving triggered a stop that raises questions across three distinct areas of law. Investigative detention, DUI procedure, and custodial rights. >> Ma'am, we have a few units out there, so thank you so much for staying on the line with me, okay? >> That's Jerry. Thank you so very much. >> Mhm, thank you. You have a good day. >> Okay, bye-bye. >> Bye-bye. >> So, you've had not one sip of alcohol? >> No, actually got off off of work this morning. Like >> I was seeing those people with the middle finger. >> So, I work uh 7:00 p.m. to uh 7:00 a.m. Um she decided not to show up. And >> So, you're in the process of moving or something, or how come what's with this suitcase? >> actually I'm in the process of moving. I'm in the process of getting off after they found coverage. And you know, I can't leave my baby. I'm just tired. So, I'm I'm here to clarify. And she got calls about me because I've just >> 110% without doubt, cuz they they gave us directions all the way to you stopping in right here. Roadways and everything. Description of the vehicle, the whole nine yards. So, you were passing on double yellows, running off the road. >> Oh, I have not passed anything. I can say that 100%. >> All right, maybe you didn't pass, but they said you were swerving over swerving over the lines. >> Running off the road. >> no swerving or running off the road, none of that. I actually let these people pass me. That's why I pulled over because there's actually a SUV in the back of me. It was a color like Escalade, white, that was running up on me. And so I pulled over to let these people pass. >> Okay. So how come your speech is so slow, lethargic, and slurred? I can hear you slurring. >> I am tired. I'm also tired. You can >> I mean just shoot me straight. If you you're drinking today >> No, I'm telling you 100% that I just got off work. Like I just I worked at 7:00 p.m. The girl didn't show up. They didn't find coverage until 2:45. >> So you know where you are right now? >> Oh, yeah. I know I am on I came from job. I always say cuz they have a all that construction >> Mhm. >> on cuz it's 441. I know I always take the back road. >> Mhm. >> Even as and take this road all the way back around. >> Do you know the name of this road though? >> Um Oh, no, I can tell you. This is Okay, the church right there on evenness, so that cross section is What is it? You don't know. I don't know. It's another road and I take it all the way around and I come back out to 441. >> Okay. >> You take evenness, they have that four-way stop sign. >> Mhm. >> Um I'm going to take it out. >> Okay. Another thing, I see one kid who's in a seat, but the other one's not in a seat. Actually, it doesn't look like either one of them is in a seat, are they? >> They're in car seats. >> Where's their car seats at? >> They You should >> Yeah, I I see it. You just got a lot going on right now? Do you have someone that can come drive your vehicle for you? You think someone can come out here to you? >> I'm going to I was going to the shelter. >> Mhm. >> Maybe. >> Which shelter is that? >> Um, it's probably the right way. The batter Grand Rapids shelter. >> Okay. >> But, um >> The initial detention is evaluated under the Fourth Amendment. The standard comes from Terry versus Ohio, decided in 1968, which requires reasonable articulable suspicion that criminal activity may be a foot, not probable cause, and not proof of a completed crime. A citizen flagged down the deputy to report erratic driving. A passenger in that same vehicle independently corroborated the account. Two consistent unsolicited witnesses reporting the same conduct clear the Terry threshold. The detention was lawful from the moment it began. >> So, you got family or something in the area? >> I'm sorry. >> All right. You got your driver's license with you? >> Yeah, I do. I was >> I would get the red bull. I got to stop off at work. I got to make sure it's not >> I got you. Can you hand me your driver's license? >> Yes, I'm yes. I'm going to return to work. >> No, that's not cool. I was stopped like 2 days ago but >> Yeah. >> coming from work. So, I know my job is about to change now. I have a nursing ID. >> Okay. >> Oh my Wow. I just cannot believe this. >> All right. >> Like I'm like a few miles down >> Where are you >> I'm going I need >> Where are you headed? >> I'm going straight to the grocery store. It's the same right here. >> Where's that? >> The Albertsons. >> What's over there? Is that just where you live or >> Yeah, it's the Albertsons I'm going >> But is that where you live or not? >> Yeah. >> Okay. >> Oh, yeah. >> Who does the car belong to? It just said something out of Sutter County. >> Joshua Williams, I gave you >> Is that like your child's father or something or >> Yeah. >> Okay. All right. Just sit tight just for a second. I'll be back up here with you, okay? You're okay. Just sit tight, okay? 20 seconds. 20 seconds right here. Uh >> Stop. >> She She has two kids in the backseat. Neither one of them have car seats. She sounds like she's slurring just a little bit. All right, 316. >> You have >> Do you have a cell phone? Miss, do you stay at the Nebraska address with you? >> Yeah, um if I own a >> Is that like your parents thing or >> Yeah, it is. >> Okay. Can you have one of them head on up here? I'm going to have one of them drive your car, okay? Cuz I I don't think you're fit to be driving. >> I am. I don't know I seem emotional. >> It's not that, you seem intoxicated to me. I'm going to just be honest with you. >> Yeah. It's >> Can you get one of them >> Like I can do a sobriety test. Um pretty sure I can pass it. >> Okay. Go ahead >> It it it's just it's just the simple fact of >> Go ahead and step out for me, ma'am. >> I'm going through like some mental stuff. >> I got you. >> I don't feel good. Like you guys did Don't need to yell. You know >> Can you step back for me? >> That's I'm sorry. >> You're fine. I'm just going to have you >> nothing. >> step up here to my my push bumper, okay? >> I'm sorry. I can't really I'm mad. >> I don't know what you're saying, but can you just step back just for me? >> just stole me today. I'm dying. >> You just make your way out here so you don't Hey, don't do all this. >> I don't care. Can't relax. And we went and found it out this morning. So, you can't tell me. >> I don't know what you're talking about, but I'm just going to have you step back just for me. >> No, I'm I'm probably no. Like they thought out I we thought it was um Excuse me. We thought it was a fracture. My What Which was they >> Okay. Let's see your >> Yeah, original thought. >> You got a good boo-boo. >> Yeah, and now it's a fracture. >> Okay. >> So >> Well, I'm going to have you just step out step out here for me, okay? >> Yeah, oh yeah. >> Go ahead and put that out. Probably not right there. Put that on the road so you can step on it and make sure it's out. >> I'm pretty sure it's out. Yep. >> Step out here in the road for me. And then step towards my car back. >> Yeah, it's okay this way. Oh. >> Step towards my car back. >> Oh. >> The DUI investigation is governed by Florida statute section 316.193. That statute defines impairment by whether normal faculties are affected, not by a blood alcohol number. That distinction is broader than most people assume. The deputy documented three indicators on camera, odor of alcohol, bloodshot eyes, and an inability to give a coherent account of events. Under Maryland versus Pringle, 2003, that totality establishes probable cause for arrest under section 316.193. The subject declined field sobriety exercises, which is a legal right. Under Florida's implied consent framework, that refusal is admissible at trial as evidence of impairment. It does not eliminate the problem, It only shifts where consequences play out. During the detention, the subject refused commands to stay away from active traffic. Under Pennsylvania versus Mims, 1977, officers may direct the movement of individuals during a lawful stop for safety. Non-compliance with those commands is not a constitutionally protected right. The force used is analyzed under Graham versus Connor, 1989, which asks whether it was objectively reasonable from the perspective of a reasonable officer at the moment of decision, given active resistance and proximity to moving traffic. No weapons were drawn and no strikes were delivered. The restraint was proportional to the resistance encountered. Graham is an objective standard, not a subjective one. How the subject experienced the encounter does not change the constitutional analysis. The resisting with violence charge falls under Florida statute section 843.01, which requires an overt physical act against an officer during lawful execution of duties. Whether the footage clears that threshold is for the court to determine. Miranda advisement was delivered after the arrest decision and before any custodial questioning. Miranda versus Arizona, 1966, attaches at custody combined with interrogation, not at arrest. The timing was correct and the subject's invocation of silence was immediately honored. >> All right. >> Can you do me a favor and step towards my car, ma'am? >> Okay. >> All right. >> What's your name, uh uh I just backed up a little bit. It's just a little easier on the concrete than in the grass. >> Oh, okay. >> You want to arrest >> Hang on just for a second. What are you doing? You said you wanted to do a field sobriety test, right? >> Oh, yeah. I was just I was I was I didn't know what to expect, so >> Do me a favor. Back your car right into the the curve back there. Just just out of the curve. >> Okay. I promise you I can walk with it. Yeah. >> Okay. Do you have duct tape? >> I know I just walked. >> Okay. >> Yeah. >> Just block traffic for me. >> Jeez. Thank you. I know I'm not. Do you have one knee? If you don't mind. Uh this knee is bigger than this knee. But we going to work with it. >> So, what happened to it? >> Uh we had a ATV accident. That's all that I can remember with the school. >> Did you have any surgeries or anything? >> Uh I actually have to go back. It's for consultation. I have to go back. The consultation for Monday. Um >> Okay. >> But what whatever you need, I'm I can walk. >> 3110. I need you to park in the roadway to block this lane. >> All right. What? What? With the little crook? >> Okay. >> Yeah. We can Whatever you want, I'm ready. >> Okay. I'm just going to have her block traffic, so we don't have to worry about cars coming through. You know what I mean? >> All right. So, I can tell again talking to you now you're slurring, so let me ask you again. Have you had any alcohol? >> Oh, no. >> Okay. >> And I'm sorry. >> No, you're okay. >> And See? It's visibly visibly bigger than that last one. >> [snorts] >> So. >> I'm not going anywhere. Don't go anywhere. Stay right here. >> Oh. >> Just stand still. >> Okay. >> Thank you. >> All right. >> I just need that back. >> I'm so sorry. >> That was a gift. >> Mhm. >> Oh. >> What's the matter? >> What's up? What's up? What's up? I don't have any insurance. I already went to the hospital and they said the bill was $1,000. You're very lucky. I was like, yeah, we got to pay that bill. >> Stand right there right in the middle and then just walk back. >> I don't have a car. >> You don't got a car? >> I don't know if y'all give us a little action. >> Yeah, put it down on your hand. >> Or what? I mean And you can visibly see if you can visibly see and I have always farmed and cooked like I was. >> You know your mama's phone number? >> Yes. Of course. >> Wait right here. Don't move. >> Of course, I can give you that. Oh, all right. >> Hang on. Hang on. >> Come stand on this line for me right here. I want you to stand on this line with your heels on the line and stand facing that way. >> Oh. >> Come over here. Put your heels on the line. Can you stand right in front of me over here? Thank you. >> Okay. Oh. >> All right, do you have any eye injuries or anything? >> No. >> Okay. Do you have any head injuries? >> I don't have none there. >> Do you have any medical conditions? >> No. >> So, just your knee injury is the only medical stuff you have? Okay. So, I want to confirm you're willing to do field sobriety for me? >> Yes. >> Okay. >> Yes. Yes. Yes. Come on. Let me out. >> Yep. >> Thanks. >> All right. Go ahead and stand up. We're going to help you stand up, okay? >> 1 2 3. >> Yep. >> Okay. There you go. >> I'm sorry. >> You're good. You're good. >> I'm sorry. >> Do you Do me a favor, place your hands behind your back. >> Yeah. >> All right, at this time you're being placed under arrest under suspicion of DUI, okay? >> That's fine. >> I think you've been drinking. Stand up straight. >> Yeah. >> Stand up. Straight straight straight straight straight. Stand up. There you go. Double. >> Shoot. Hold. >> Look. What are you doing? >> Hold. Hold. Hold. >> You've been staying behind the whole time. >> I don't know. >> straight up. >> I can't move. >> Let go. Stand up. Come on. >> I'm trying I don't know what I'm doing. >> Fine. That one. >> 1909. >> Come on. Stand up. >> Oh my god. I don't know what I'm doing. >> I know. I'm trying to help you. You got to STAND UP THOUGH. COME ON. HEY, DON'T MAKE THIS HARDER. DON'T MAKE THIS HARDER. >> NO, I'm not. >> Stand up. >> Yes. Stand up. All right, have a seat right in here. Look up. Have a seat right here. >> Okay. Turn around butt first. >> Okay. >> Butt first. >> Turn around. >> Stand up. Put your foot in there. Put your leg in there. All right, go stand Get Get in the car. >> Here you go. Lift your leg. Lift it. Lift it. Come around. Turn around butt first. >> Look, Crystal. >> There you go. >> Put your FOOT IN THERE. I'M HELPING YOU. PUT YOUR FOOT IN THERE. STOP. >> [screaming] [cheering and screaming] >> STOP DOING THIS, OKAY? STOP. HAVE A SEAT. >> [screaming] [screaming] >> SIT. >> [screaming] >> PUT YOUR FEET ON THE FLOOR. >> [screaming] [screaming] [screaming] [screaming] >> HI, HONEY. >> I NEVER EVEN HAD TO RUN THE TAGS AND STUFF. >> HEY, what's 3110 Lake? His 10-15 is being very uncooperative. Do we have anything in house for a possible PX for somebody to come pick up the signal 39s? >> Wants to talk to the DL. Somebody else on the registration. >> Okay, I got it. I GOT IT. PARENTS. HI, THIS IS Deputy Whitehead. Can you hear me? >> Hello. >> Hi, this is Deputy Whitehead. >> You're on the You're here. >> Hello? >> Yes, hello. >> Hi. >> To the grades. Deputy Cannon receives a B. He separated the parties, gathered corroborating witness statements, and called in a DUI specialist. Physical redirection was justified under Mims, though earlier verbal commands could have reduced the need for it. Deputy Drews receives an A minus. He documented each impairment indicator on camera, explained the voluntary nature of field sobriety exercises without coercion, and delivered a properly acknowledged Miranda advisement. His de-escalation approach under difficult field conditions was notably effective. The subject receives a C plus. She correctly invoked her Fifth Amendment right after Miranda. However, physical resistance during a lawful arrest generated a second criminal charge that the original DUI alone would not have produced. This encounter shows how decisions made in the first few minutes of a stop determine everything that follows. The five lessons below come directly from the legal issues in this footage, and they apply wherever federal constitutional standards govern, which is everywhere. Lesson one, reasonable articulable suspicion is a low bar. A single corroborated citizen complaint justifies an investigative stop under Terry. Whether you are the officer initiating the stop or the driver being stopped, understanding that threshold matters. Lesson two, refusing a field sobriety test is a right, not a risk-free one. Under Florida's implied consent law, that refusal is admissible as evidence. Before declining, understand that the decision itself becomes part of the record against you. Lesson three, physical resistance during a lawful arrest multiplies your legal exposure. Florida Statute Section 843.01 requires an overt physical act. Once that line is crossed, you are no longer dealing with only the original charge. Lesson four, Miranda rights attach to custodial interrogation, not to arrest. The trigger is custody combined with questioning. That distinction resolves a misconception that appears in nearly every encounter of this type. Lesson five, arguing illegality during an arrest does not change its legal status. It is captured on body cam, and body cam footage becomes evidence. If the arrest was wrong, that argument belongs in a courtroom, not on the side of the road. The outcome, DUI under Florida Statute Section 316. 193, and resisting with violence under section 843. 01, 12 months of probation, DUI school, 50 hours of community service, and 10 days of vehicle impoundment. That disposition is consistent with Florida's typical sentencing for a first or limited prior DUI offense where no accident or injury occurred. The resisting charge did not produce incarceration here, but under different facts, it could have. If this analysis was useful, subscribe to our channel so you do not miss the next breakdown. Drop the encounter or legal topic you want covered in the comments, and we will get to it.